Amadiume, III. London: Zed Books. Anusha C Portrayal of Woman in Print Media. International Sociological Association, Association Paper. Baron, N. Alphabet to Email: How written English evolved and where it's heading. London: Routledge. Willard H. Beauvoir, Simone de. The Second Sex, translated by H. New York: Knopf. Bern, Sandra Lipsitz. Kumar Women in newspapers: A study of four leading Indian newspapers.
Interaction, 5 : Blackwood, Evelyn. Butler, Judith. Gender Trouble: Feminism and the Subversion of Identity. New York: Routledge Butler, Judith. Gender Trouble. New York: Routledge, Cameron, D. Routledge, London. Not gender difference but the difference gender makes: Explanation in research on sex and language.
International Journal of the Sociology of Language, Ceulemans, M. Fauconnier Mass media: The image, role, and social conditions of women: A collection and analysis of research materials. Coffey, M. Resource for Feminist Research, 20 : The effect of television day part on sex portrayals in television commercials: A content analysis.
Sex Roles, Culley, J. Bennett Selling women, selling blacks. Journal of Communication, 26 4 : Deborah L. Rhode, ed. Eckert, P. Communities of practice: Where language, gender and power all live. Hall, M. Buchholtz and B. Moonwomon Ed. Annual Review of Anthropology, 21, Fernandez, D. Women in media in the Philippines: From stereotype to liberation.
Re- Imagining the American Dream. Media Values Ferguson T Sex Roles. An Asian perspective on the portrayal of men and women in television advertisements: Studies from Hong Kong and Indonesian television. Furnham A, Thomson L Gender role stereotyping in advertisements on two British radio stations [Electronic Version]. Foucault, Michel. Volume 1: An Introduction. Robert Hurley. New York: Vintage Books, Garfinkel, H.
Greenwald, M. The portrayal of women in newspapers: A meta-analysis. New York: Routledge. Retrieved Nov. Computer-mediated communication: Linguistic, social and cross-cultural perspectives. Stein Sociology 4th Edition. How to silence a minority: The case of women.
The International Journal of the Sociology of Language, Jolliffe, L. Gender differentiation in the New York Times. Comparing gender differentiation in the New York Times, and Journalism Quarterly, 59 3 : Kessler, S.
Kosofsky Sedgwick, Eve. Krippendorff K Harper, New York. Leitner, G. The sociolinguistics of communication media. Coulmas, ed. The Handbook of Sociolinguistics, pp. Blackwell, Oxford.
Leonardi, Marianne, and Elizabeth Dickinson. Lorber, G. Farrell The Social Construction of Gender. Washington DC: Author. Mabala, R. Gender in Tanzanian Kiswahili fiction. Is childhood becoming oversexed? Parenting, 15, 7, Mtambalike, P.
Newspaper reporting and gender relations. Ndulute, C. Is female to male as nature is to culture? Resaldo and L. Lampere Eds. Rasul A Women in advertisements. Mass Commun. Rutashobya, L. Sacks, H. Sanga, E. Women and gender in radio progrmmes.
Sandvin, H. Schlenker, J. Halteman A feminist analysis of Seventeen magazine: content analysis from to Shelly E. Taylor, "Availability Bias," Schulz, M. The semantic derogation of woman. Cameron ed. Routeledge, London Susan T. Fiske and Shelley E. Scott, Joan Wallach. California Polytechnic State University. Signorielli N London McMSwilla, I. The representation of women in Kiswahili press. Mothers, single women and sluts: Gender, morality and membership categorisation in neighbour disputes.
Feminism and Psychology. Tiongson MLQ The state of women and media in Asia: An overview. Henley Language and Sex: Difference and Dominance. Newbury House Publishers, Rowley, Massachusetts. Women in Media. Walsh, Kimberly R. West, C. Yates, S. Onkaragouda Kakade. Annihilating or perpetuating the gender stereotype?
An analysis of Indian television advertisements By Ritu Mehta. Download PDF. Rating details. More filters. Sort order.
A bit dull at times, as expected, but thankfully countered by interesting excerpts, theories, ideologies. It really opened my mind to a lot of feminist theories, histories, and discrimination. View all 3 comments. Jun 27, notgettingenough added it Shelves: haven-t-read-but , sociology.
Hofstadter It's high time someone blew the whistle on all the silly prattle about revamping our language to suit the purposes of certain political fanatics.
You know what I'm talking about-those who accuse speakers of English of what they call "racism. But let us grant that in our society there may be injustices here and there in the treatment of either race from time to time, and let us even grant these people their terms "racism" and "racist.
Most of the clamor,as you certainly know by now, revolves around the age-old usage of the noun "white" and words built from it, such as chairwhite, mailwhite, repairwhite, clergywhite, middlewhite, Frenchwhite, forewhite, whitepower, whiteslaughter, oneupuwhiteship, straw white, whitehandle, and so on.
The negrists claim that using the word "white," either on its own or as a component, to talk about all the members of the human species is somehow degrading to blacks and reinforces racism. Therefore the libbers propose that we substitute "person" everywhere where "white" now occurs. Sensitive speakers of our secretary tongue of course find this preposterous. There is great beauty to a phrase such as "All whites are created equal.
Think how ugly it would be to say "All persons are created equal," or "All whites and blacks are created equal. In most contexts, it is self-evident when "white" is being used in an inclusive sense, in which case it subsumes members of the darker race just as much as fairskins.
There is nothing denigrating to black people in being subsumed under the rubric "white"-no more than under the rubric "person. Used inclusively, the word "white" has no connotations whatsoever of race. Yet many people are hung up on this point. A prime example is Abraham Moses, one of the more vocal spokeswhites for making such a shift.
For years, Niss Moses, authoroon of the well-known negrist tracts A Handbook of Nonracist Writing and Words and Blacks, has had nothing better to do than go around the country making speeches advocating the downfall of "racist language" that ble objects to.
But when you analyze bler objections, you find they all fall apart at the seams. Niss Moses says that words like "chairwhite" suggest to people-most especially impressionable young whiteys and blackeys-that all chairwhites belong to the white race. How absurd! It's quite obvious, for instance, that the chairwhite of the League of Black Voters is going to be a black, not a white. Nobody need think twice about it. As a matter of fact, the suffix "white" is usually not pronounced with a long "i" as in the noun "white," but like "wit," as in the terms saleswhite, freshwhite, penwhiteship, first basewhite, and so on.
It's just a simple and useful component in building race-neutral words. But Niss Moses would have you sit up and start hollering "Racism! Ble has written a famous article, in which ble vehemently objects to the immortal and poetic words of the first white on the moon, Captain Nellie Strongarm. If you will recall, whis words were: "One small step for a white, a giant step for whitekind.
Another of Niss Moses' shrill objections is to the age-old differentiation of whites from blacks by the third-person pronouns "whe" and "ble. Numerous suggestions have been made, such as "pe," "tey," and others, These are all repugnant to the nature of the English language, as the average white in the street will testify, even if whe has no linguistic training whatsoever. Then there are advocates of usages such as "whe or ble," "whis or bler," and so forth.
This makes for monstrosities such as the sentence "When the next President takes office, whe or ble will have to choose whis or bler cabinet with great care, for whe or ble would not want to offend any minorities. Shall we say "blooey" all the time when we simply mean "whe"? Who wants to sound like a white with a chronic sneeze? One of the more hilarious suggestions made by the squawkers for this point of view is to abandon the natural distinction along racial lines, and to replace it with a highly unnatural one along sexual lines.
One such suggestion-emanating, no doubt, from the mind of a madwhite-would have us say "he" for male whites and blacks and "she" for female whites and blacks. Can you imagine the outrage with which sensible folk of either sex would greet this "modest proposal"? Another suggestion is that the plural pronoun "they" be used in place of the inclusive "whe. No, we don't need a new pronoun to "liberate" our minds.
That's the lazy white's way of solving the pseudoproblem of racism. In any case, it's ungrammatical. The pronoun "they" is a plural pronoun, and it grates on the civilized ear to hear it used to denote only one person. Such a usage, if adopted, would merely promote illiteracy and accelerate the already scandalously rapid nosedive of the average intelligence level in our society.
Niss Moses would have us totally revamp the English language to suit bler purposes. If, for instance, we are to substitute "person" for "white," where are we to stop? If we were to follow Niss Moses' ideas to their logical conclusion, we would have to conclude that ble would like to see small blackeys and whiteys playing the game of "Hangperson" and reading the story of "Snow Person and the Seven Dwarfs.
Will pundits and politicians henceforth issue person papers? Will we now have egg yolks and egg persons? And pledge allegiance to the good old Red, Person, and Blue? Will we sing, "I'm dreaming of a person Christmas"? Say of a frightened white, "Whe's person as a sheet! Lament the increase of person-collar crime? Thrill to the chirping of bobpersons in our gardens? Ask a friend to person the table while we go visit the persons'room?
Come off it, Niss Moses-don't personwash our language! What conceivable harm is there in such beloved phrases as "No white is an island," "Dog is white's best friend," or "White's inhumanity to white"?
Did the poet who wrote "The best-laid plans of mice and whites gang aft agley" believe that blacks' plans gang ne'er agley? Surely not! Such phrases are simply metaphors: everyone can see beyond that. Whe who interprets them as reinforcing racism must have a perverse desire to feel oppressed. Delilah Buford has urged that we drop the useful distinction between "Niss" and "Nrs.
Bler argument is that there is no need for the public to know whether a black is employed or not. Need is, of course, not the point. Ble conveniently sidesteps the fact that there is a tradition in our society of calling unemployed blacks "Niss" and employed blacks "Nrs.
They want the world to know what their employment status is, and for good reason. Unemployed blacks want prospective employers to know they are available, without having to ask embarrassing questions. Likewise, employed blacks are proud of having found a job, and wish to let the world know they are employed.
This distinction provides a sense of security to all involved, in that everyone knows where ble fits into the scheme of things. But Nrs. Buford refuses to recognize this simple truth. Instead, ble shiftily turns the argument into one about whites, asking why it is that whites are universally addressed as "Master," without any differentiation between employed and unemployed ones.
The answer, of course, is that in America and other Northern societies, we set little store by the employment status of whites, Nrs. Buford can do little to change that reality, for it seems to be tied to innate biological differences between whites and blacks. Many white-years of research, in fact, have gone into trying to understand why it is that employment status matters so much to black, yet relatively little to whites. It is true that both races have a longer life expectancy if employed, but of course people often do not act so as to maximize their life expectancy.
So far, it remains a mystery. In any case, whites and blacks clearly have different constitutional inclinations, and different goals in life. As for Nrs.
Buford's suggestion that both "Niss" and "Nrs. Mind you, this "Ns. Who ever heard of such toying with language? And while we're on this subject, have you yet run across the recently founded Ns.
The early language and gender research is inclined to essentialist … Expand. Power and the Subversion of Stories. Language is a multiplicity of meaning-making systems, which are connected with social, cultural and psychological networks. Focusing on issues of power, this article is concerned to explore how the … Expand.
View 1 excerpt, cites background. Using Critical Language Study as the method of analysis, this paper explores the ways in which a the language used in early adult education journals to structure the professionalizing field … Expand. The paper deals with the development of the gender concept and the way it is moving away from the notions of binary thinking.
Its influence on the methods of linguistic analysis is taken into … Expand. Virginia Woolf's Maternal Narrative. She explores the nature of oppressive male discourse … Expand. Reading Dorothy Hewett as boundary writer. This thesis locates the writings of Dorothy Hewett in a firm relationship with postmodem thought. The argument focuses on evidence that the dominant aesthetic of Hewett's writing is the feminine … Expand.
Discourses around masculinities have recently attracted critical attention from feminist social psychology.
0コメント